Tsarin lantarki na alli

Tsarin Electron na calcium shine 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. Calcium yana daya daga cikin sinadarai na tebur na lokaci-lokaci da ake la'akari da ƙarfe na duniya na alkaline, na rukuni na 2, lokaci 4 da kuma s block nasa. An bambanta shi da sauran abubuwa ta alamarsa Ca da lambar atomic, wanda shine 20. A lokaci guda, yana da nau'in atomic mass na 40.078 u.

Karfe ne mai launin toka da fari, wanda aka lissafta shi a matsayin sinadari na biyar mafi yawa a cikin ɓawon burodin duniya kuma a matsayin mafi narkar da ion a cikin teku, ba kawai saboda yawansa ba har ma saboda yanayin sa.

Tsarin Electron na calcium

Tsarinsa na lantarki shine kamar haka: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2

Yana da jimlar 20 electrons, wanda aka rarraba kamar haka:

• 2 electrons a cikin harsashi na farko.
• 8 electrons a cikin harsashi na biyu.
• 8 electrons a cikin harsashi na uku.
• 2 electrons a cikin harsashi na hudu.

Sauƙaƙe Tsarin Electron na calcium.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a ƙirƙiri tsarin tsarin electron da zane na orbital na calcium shine bin ka'idar Kerner, wanda shine samfurin da ya rage madaidaicin zane na orbital diagram da Electron.

Don cimma wannan sauƙi mai sauƙi, wajibi ne a sami iskar gas mai daraja a matsayin tunani, ana samun waɗannan a cikin rukuni na VIIA a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci, kamar yadda ya faru na argon, helium, xenon , krypton da radon.

Kamar yadda calcium yana da electrons 20 kuma ainihin (ba a sauƙaƙe ba) Tsarin wutar lantarki shine: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2, abu na farko da za a yi don sauƙaƙa wannan tsarin shine ɗaukar abin da ya gabata a cikin rukunin gas masu daraja, bin tebur na lokaci-lokaci, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin. ya dace da argon, alamar Ar, wanda ke da 18 electrons.

Wannan iskar gas mai daraja ana daidaita ta a al'ada (ta hanyar da ba a sauƙaƙe ba) kamar haka:

1s22s22p63s23p6

Yanzu, a kallo na farko, an tabbatar da cewa tsarin tsarin argon yana kunshe ne a cikin na calcium, wato orbitals na argon daidai yake da biyar na farawa na calcium:

Ar: 1s22s22p63s23p6

Cl: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2

Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa, ta hanyar lura mai sauƙi, mun yanke cewa sauƙaƙan ko taƙaitaccen tsarin Electron tare da Calcium Kernel shine:

Don samun zane na orbital, ana yin wannan hanya, don haka za a wakilta zane-zane na calcium ta hanyar Kernel kamar haka:

Calcium isotopes.

Wannan sinadari yana da jimlar isotopes 6 barga, daga cikinsu mafi yawa shine 40Ca, wanda ake ɗaukarsa daidai da 40Ar, saboda lalatar 40K.

Wannan isotope na calcium (40Ca) yana samar da isotope 41Ca ta hanyar kunna neutron, yana haɗawa a cikin mafi girman yadudduka na ƙasa, inda bam ɗin neutron ke da ƙarfi sosai. Wannan isotope (41Ca) masana kimiyya ke amfani dashi azaman mai nuna alamun rashin daidaituwar tsarin hasken rana saboda ikonsa na ruɓe zuwa 41K.

Abubuwan da ke cikin calcium

• An dauke shi wani alkaline duniya karfe.
• Its atomic adadin ne 40.078 u.
• Ana samun shi a cikin lokaci na 4 da rukuni na 2 na tebur na lokaci-lokaci.
• Matsakaicin radius shine 180 na yamma, covalent shine 174 na yamma, kuma Bohr ko atomic shine 194 na yamma.
• Lambar atomic ta 20 kuma alamar sa Ca.
• Yana da wurin tafasa na digiri 1800 K da wurin narkewar 842.85 K.
• Yanayin yanayinsa yana da ƙarfi, ya zama paramagnetic.
• Yana da fari da ƙananan yawa.
• Yana da launi.
• Yana da ƙarancin ionization makamashi.